• Subordinate clause: A subordinate clause is a subsidiary sentence that is linked to the main clause using a subordinate conjunction such as "because," "as," or "while." A subordinate clause may also be linked to the main clause using coordinating conjunctions such as "or," "but," or "yet." The absence of a conjunction allows a subordinate phrase to function as the main clause, however, the presence of a subordinate conjunction renders it an incomplete notion. In the phrase "He fell because he was tripped," the subordinate clause is "because he was tripped."

An adjective clause, often referred to as an adverbial clause, is a subordinate phrase that connects to the main sentence by a relative pronoun (such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that") or a relative adverb (such as "when," "where," or "why"). In the line "She cried when Brad dumped her," the adjective clause may be identified as "when Brad dumped her."
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